Importance: Intranasal corticosteroids (INCs) remain the first-line treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in both adults and children, despite the lack of evidence regarding their efficacy in the pediatric population. Similarly, their effect on the sinonasal microbiome has not been well...
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Penicillin allergy delabelling of patients at risk of sexually transmitted infections in primary care
KEY POINTS
Most patients who report a penicillin allergy do not have a serious allergy.
Penicillin allergy delabelling enables patients to receive penicillin and β-lactam antibiotics when indicated.
A simple algorithm allows for stratification of allergy risk for patients....
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Screening for primary aldosteronism in primary care
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is common among patients with hypokalemia and hypertension. Patients with PA are at an increased risk of chronic disease if undiagnosed or untreated. Expert consensus recommends screening for PA in high-risk populations. Most antihypertensive medications can be...
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My Sickle Cell Pain Action Plan
An action plan for patients with sickle cell disease developed by the Uniformed Services University. James W. Mold, MD, MPH
Timing of Allergenic Food Introduction and Risk of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Food Allergy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Importance: Earlier egg and peanut introduction probably reduces risk of egg and peanut allergy, respectively, but it is uncertain whether food allergy as a whole can be prevented using earlier allergenic food introduction.
Objective: To investigate associations between timing of...
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What Is Lead Poisoning?
Lead poisoning usually causes no immediate symptoms, but over time, lead causes damage to developing brains, so children exposed to lead (even at low levels) can have slowed growth and development and problems with learning, behavior, hearing, and speech that may be permanent. Adults with lead...
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Fifteen-Year Outcomes after Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer
Background
Between 1999 and 2009 in the United Kingdom, 82,429 men between 50 and 69 years of age received a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. Localized prostate cancer was diagnosed in 2664 men. Of these men, 1643 were enrolled in a trial to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments,...
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Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Importance Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), defined as HF with an EF of 50% or higher at diagnosis, affects approximately 3 million people in the US and up to 32 million people worldwide. Patients with HFpEF are hospitalized approximately 1.4 times per year and have an...
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What Should I Know About Stopping Routine Cancer Screening?
Cancer screening tests are not perfect. Test results may suggest cancer when there is none (false-positive screen). They can also miss cancer even if it is present (false-negative screen). False-positive results can lead to emotional stress and more testing without improving health. Screening...
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Foreign body aspiration in children
In Canada, choking or suffocation accounts for about 40% of unintentional deaths among children younger than 1 year.
Round and cylindrical food or other foreign bodies (e.g., hot dogs, sausages, grapes, marbles) pose the greatest risk. Uninflated balloons are hazardous owing to their...
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