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This Medical News article discusses a new American Heart Association science advisory on ultraprocessed foods, cardiometabolic health, and policy recommendations for improving dietary patterns.
GUIDELINE TITLE 2022 American College of Cardiology
(ACC)/American Heart Association AHA)/Heart Failure
Society of America (HFSA) Guidelines for the Management
of Heart Failure
RELEASE DATE April 1, 2022
PRIOR VERSIONS 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update
of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of
Heart Failure and 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the
Management of Heart Failure
DEVELOPER AND FUNDING SOURCE ACC/AHA Joint
Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines
TARGET POPULATION Adult patients with a diagnosis of
or at risk for heart failure (HF)
MAJOR RECOMMENDATIONS
• Classifications for HF are separated into 4 categories based
on ejection fraction (EF) and disease history: HF with
reduced EF (EF 40%), HF with mildly reduced EF
(EF 41%-49%), HF with preserved EF (EF 50%), and HF
with improved EF (EF previously 40% with improvement
to >40%).
• In patients with chronic HF with reduced EF, angiotensin
receptor–neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) are preferred over
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and
angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). If ARNI use is not
feasible, ACEIs are preferred over ARBs, unless there is
significant cough or angioedema (class 1, level of
evidence [LOE] A).
• Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors should
be included across all HF categories (symptomatic HF with
reduced EF [class 1, LOE A]; HF with mildly reduced EF and
HF with preserved EF [class 2a, LOE B-R]).
• Patients with HF with improved EF should continue to
receive medical therapy originally indicated for HF with
reduced EF (class 1, LOE B-R).
• Evidence-based treatment of HF with preserved EF
includes blood pressure control (class 1, LOE C-LD),
SGLT2 inhibitors (class 2a, LOE B-R), mineralocorticoid
antagonists, ARBs, and ARNIs (class 2b, LOE B-R).
Atherosclerotic CVD remains the leading cause of death for people of most racial/ethnic groups. In 2010, the AHA suggested metrics of ideal cardiovascular health in 7 domains (blood pressure, physical activity, cholesterol, diet, weight, smoking, and blood glucose). There have since been multiple related guideline updates and scientific statements. In 2017, the ACC/AHA Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines commissioned an updated guideline integrating existing and new recommendations into a unified and “user-friendly” document on primary prevention of ASCVD.
