The HEADSSS assessment is an internationally recognised tool used to structure the assessment of an adolescent patient, encompassing Home, Education/Employment, Activities, Drugs, Sex and relationships, Self harm and depression, Safety and abuse. The assessment starts with simple and easy...
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Exacerbation risk in patients with bronchiectasis receiving DPP-1 inhibitors vs placebo: A meta-analysis of RCTs
Background: No therapies have been approved to alter bronchiectasis progression. Dipeptidyl peptidase-1 (DPP-1) inhibitors, which target neutrophil serine protease activation, are under investigation as potential disease-modifying agents.
Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta...
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Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease
Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is caused by CPP crystal accumulation in musculoskeletal tissues, leading to inflammation
Symptomatic CPPD disease (formerly known as “pseudogout”) is more common in older than younger adults and typically affects joints with previous damage...
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Ann Arbor Guide to Triaging Adults With Suspected Urinary Tract Infection for In-Person and Telehealth Settings
Importance: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in ambulatory care settings and the primary reason for antibiotic prescribing. Despite several guidelines focused on the type and duration of antibiotics prescribed for treating UTI, there is limited outpatient guidance on how to best triage...
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IgA Nephropathy in Adults: A Review
Importance: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a chronic kidney disease involving deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes in the glomerulus, causing glomerular inflammation and scarring. It is the most common immune-mediated glomerular disease worldwide, and affects an estimated 198 887 to 208 184...
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Restless Legs Syndrome: A Review
Importance Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a sleep-related movement disorder that affects approximately 3% of US adults to a clinically significant extent and can cause substantial sleep disturbance.
Observations Restless legs syndrome is characterized by an overwhelming urge to move...
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Management of Opioid Use Disorder
Opioid use disorder is a chronic disease characterized by a maladaptive pattern of opioid use despite negative consequences. In the US, nearly 75 000 overdose deaths occurred in 2023, a 10-fold increase from 1999.1 However, only 1 in 4 US adults eligible for MOUD received it in 2022.2 The 2024...
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Intranasal Treatments for Children With Sleep-Disordered Breathing: The MIST+ Randomized Clinical Trial
Importance: Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea are common in childhood and associated with significant comorbidity. Surgical treatment with adenotonsillectomy is first-line treatment but medical treatments show potential to improve symptoms and reduce the need for surgery.
Objective: To...
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The Role of Vaccination in Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes Associated With COVID-19 in Pregnancy
Importance: Gaps in knowledge exist about the impact of COVID-19 and vaccination on pregnancy outcomes.
Objective: To investigate the impact of vaccination on maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy.
Design, setting, and population:...
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Stillbirth
Stillbirth, defined as fetal death at 20 or more weeks of gestation or 350 g or greater in birth weight, is a tragic outcome for families and clinicians.1 Stillbirth affects approximately 5.7 per 1000 births in the US—equivalent to 21 000 annually—and can occur antenatally (83%) or intrapartum (...
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