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Management of Heart Failure in 2019-2020, Part 1

Author/s: Desai, A.

Educational Objective
To understand the effects of sacubitril-valsartan vs enalapril on proximal aortic stiffness, cardiac remodeling, and cardiac contractile function among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Keywords/Tags:
CHF patients

Association of household secondhand smoke exposure and mortality risk in patients with heart failure

Author/s: He, X, Zhao, J, He, J, Dong, Y, Liu, C

BACKGROUND:

Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a well-established cardiovascular risk factor, yet association between SHS and prognosis of heart failure remains uncertain.

METHOD:

Data were obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys III from 1988...

Keywords/Tags:
heart failure mortality secondhand smoke

Association of E-Cigarette Use With Respiratory Disease Among Adults: A Longitudinal Analysis

Author/s: Bhatta, DN, Glantz, SA

INTRODUCTION:

E-cigarettes deliver an aerosol of nicotine by heating a liquid and are promoted as an alternative to combustible tobacco. This study determines the longitudinal associations between e-cigarette use and respiratory disease controlling for combustible tobacco use.

...

Keywords/Tags:
e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury vaping e-cigarettes smoking lung injury tobacco copd respiratory disease

Oseltamivir plus usual care versus usual care for influenza-like illness in primary care: an open-label, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial

Author/s: Butler, CC, van der Velden, AW, Bongard, E, Saville, BR, Holmes, J, Coenen, S, Cook, J, Francis, NA, Lewis, RJ, Godycki-Cwirko, M, Llor, C, Chlabicz, S, Lionis, C, Seifert, B, Sundvall, PD, Colliers, A, Aabenhus, R, Bjerrum, L, Jonassen Harbin, N, Lindbæk M, Glinz, D, Bucher, HC, Kovacs, B, Radzeviciene Jurgute, R, Touboul Lundgren, P, Little, P, Murphy, AW, De Sutter, A, Openshaw, P, de Jong, MD, Connor, JT, Matheeussen, V, Ieven, M, Goossens, H, Verheij, TJ

BACKGROUND:

Antivirals are infrequently prescribed in European primary care for influenza-like illness, mostly because of perceived ineffectiveness in real world primary care and because individuals who will especially benefit have not been identified in independent trials. We aimed to...

Keywords/Tags:
influenza flu Tamiful oseltamivir

Sex Difference in Effects of Low-Dose Aspirin on Prevention of Dementia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Long-term Follow-up Study of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Author/s: Matsumoto, C., Ogawa, H., Saito, Y., Okada S., Soejima, H., Sakuma, M., Masuda, I., Nakayama, M., Doi, N., Jinnouchi, H., Waki, M., Morimoto, T., JPAD Trial Investigators

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate and compare the efficacy of long-term use of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of dementia in men and women.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:

This study is a follow-up cohort study of the Japanese Primary Prevention of Atherosclerosis with Aspirin for ...

Keywords/Tags:
aspirin low-dose aspirin

Association of Aspirin Use With Mortality Risk Among Older Adult Participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Author/s: Loomans-Kroop, HA, Pinsky, P, Cao, Y, Chan, AT, Umar, A

IMPORTANCE:

Aspirin use has been associated with reduced risk of cancer mortality, particularly of the colorectum. However, aspirin efficacy may be influenced by biological characteristics, such as obesity and age. With the increasing prevalence of obesity and conflicting data regarding...

Keywords/Tags:
aspirin cancer mortality risk reduction

Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism with d-Dimer Adjusted to Clinical Probability

Author/s: Kearon, C, de Wit, K, Parpia, S, Schulman, S, Afilalo, M, Hirsch, A, Spencer, FA, Sharma, S, D'Aragon, F, Deshaies, JF, Le Gal, G, Lazo-Langer, A, Wu, C, Rudd-Scott, L, Bates, SM, Julian, JA, PEGeD Study Investigators

BACKGROUND:

Retrospective analyses suggest that pulmonary embolism is ruled out by a d-dimer level of less than 1000 ng per milliliter in patients with a low clinical pretest probability (C-PTP) and by a d-dimer level of less than 500 ng per milliliter in patients with a moderate C-PTP....

Keywords/Tags:
pulmonary embolism PE d-dimer CT computed tomography

Association Between Acute Gastroenteritis and Continuous Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors During Winter Periods of Highest Circulation of Enteric Viruses

Author/s: Vilcu, AM, Sabatte, L, Blanchon, T, Souty, C, Maravic, M, Lemaitre, M, Steichen, O, Hanslik, T

IMPORTANCE:

An increased risk of acute bacterial enteric infections has been reported among patients receiving proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The risk of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) of viral origin associated with continuous PPI exposure has been less studied.

OBJECTIVE:...

Keywords/Tags:
proton pump inhibitor PPI Gastroenteritis Season

A Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Cyclical Topical Wound Oxygen Therapy (TWO2) in the Treatment of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: The TWO2 Study

Author/s: Frykberg, RG, Franks, PJ, Edmonds, M, Brantley, JN, Téot, L, Wild, T, Garoufalis, MG, Lee, AM, Thompson, JA, Reach, G, Dove, CR, Lachgar, K, Grotemeyer, D, Renton, SC, TWO2 Study Group

OBJECTIVE:

Topical oxygen has been used for the treatment of chronic wounds for more than 50 years. Its effectiveness remains disputed due to the limited number of robust high-quality investigations. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of multimodality cyclical pressure ...

Keywords/Tags:
wound therapy diabetes diabetic foot ulcer topical wound oxygen therapy two2

Bedtime hypertension treatment improves cardiovascular risk reduction: the Hygia Chronotherapy Trial

Author/s: Hermida, R.C., Crespo, J.J., Domínguez-Sardiña, M, Otero, A., Moyá, A., Ríos, M.T., Sineiro, E., Castiñeira, M.C., Callejas, P.A., Pousa, L., Salgado, J.L., Durán, C., Sánchez, J.J., Fernández, J.R., Mojón, A., Ayala, D.E., Hygia Project Investigators

AIMS:

The Hygia Chronotherapy Trial, conducted within the clinical primary care setting, was designed to test whether bedtime in comparison to usual upon awakening hypertension therapy exerts better cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

In this...

Keywords/Tags:
antihypertensives blood pressure hypertension medication

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