This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations.
Recent Resources
Diagnosis and management of depression in adolescents
KEY POINTS
Depression is common among adolescents in Canada and has the potential to negatively affect long-term function and quality of life; despite this, in most affected adolescents depression remains undetected and untreated.
Management requires a multimodal approach, including...
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Ovarian Aging and Fertility
Women in their late 30s to early 40s who have difficulty conceiving are often unaware that success rates of fertility treatment decline with age, most commonly due to declining ovarian function. Counseling about the high prevalence of infertility and miscarriage may be met with surprise and...
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Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Acute Altitude Illness
People traveling to high altitude are at risk of developing acute altitude illnesses, including AMS, HACE, and HAPE. Incidence and risk are assessed by history of acute altitude illness, sleeping elevation above sea level on day 1 of travel, and rate of ascent. AMS incidence can range from...
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JAK 1-3 inhibitors and TYK-2 inhibitors in dermatology: Practical pearls for the primary care physician
Guidelines for primary care clinicians on monitoring and safety guidelines regarding Janus kinase and tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions are often unclear. This review aims to provide the primary care physician with a review of clinically relevant and...
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Approach to otitis externa
Objective: To provide family physicians with a practical evidence-based approach to management of otitis externa.
Sources of information: The approach described is based on MEDLINE and PubMed literature published between 1993 and 2023.
Main message: Otitis externa is diffuse...
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Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV
Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involves use of antiviral medication for HIV prevention in HIV-negative adults or adolescents at risk for HIV through sex or injection drug use. The United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) recently set a goal for 95% of people at risk of HIV (approximately 10...
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Update on Over-the-Counter (OTC) Contraception
In July 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Opill, a daily progestin-only oral contraceptive for over-the-counter sale to people of all ages. Daniel Grossman, MD, discusses this and more with JAMA Associate Editor Melissa A. Simon, MD, MPH.
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Dialysis for Chronic Kidney Failure
Selection of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and timing of dialysis initiation are influenced by patient symptoms, laboratory trajectories, patient preferences, and therapy cost and availability; shared decision-making is key. Jennifer E. Flythe, MD, MPH, from the University of North...
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Dialysis for Chronic Kidney Failure: A Review
Importance: More than 3.5 million people worldwide and 540 000 individuals in the US receive maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for the treatment of chronic kidney failure. The 5-year survival rate is approximately 40% after initiation of maintenance dialysis.
Observations:...
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