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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosis and Treatment in Children and Adolescents Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 203

Author/s: Kemper, AR, Maslow, GR, Hill, S, Namdari, B, Allen LaPoint, NM, Goode, AP, Coeytaux, RR, Befus, D, Kosinski, AS, Bowen, SE, McBroom, AJ, Lallinger, KR, Sanders, GD

Objectives. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common pediatric neurobehavioral disorder often treated in the primary care setting. This systematic review updates and extends two previous Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) systematic evidence...

Keywords/Tags:
ADHD attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity ADHD treatment children adolescent

Bisphosphonates for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Author/s: Ensrud, KE, Crandall, CJ

Bisphosphonates are the first-line pharmacologic treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and the most commonly prescribed medication for this condition.1 Bisphosphonates, classified as antiresorptive agents,...

Keywords/Tags:
post-menopausal osteoporosis bisphosphonates antiresorptive agents

Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Therapies in Adult Patients With Exacerbation of COPD: A Systematic Review

Author/s: Dobler, CC, Morrow, AS, Farah, MH, Beuschel, B, Majzoub, AM, Wilson, ME, Hasan, B, Seisa, MO, Daraz, L, Prokop, LJ, Murad, MH, Wang, Z

Objectives. To synthesize existing knowledge about the effectiveness and harms of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD).

Data sources. Embase®, Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process...

Keywords/Tags:
copd chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy randomized control trial systematic review

Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Author/s: Jain, A, Davis, AM

Atherosclerotic CVD remains the leading cause of death for people of most racial/ethnic groups. In 2010, the AHA suggested metrics of ideal cardiovascular health in 7 domains (blood pressure, physical activity, cholesterol, diet, weight, smoking, and blood glucose). There have since been...

Keywords/Tags:
CAD coronary artery disease guidelines American Heart Association American College of Cardiology CVD cardiovascular disease primary prevention

Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption: Dietary Guideline Recommendations From the Nutritional Recommendations (NutriRECS) Consortium

Author/s: Johnston, BC, Zeraatkar, D, Han, MA, Vernooij RWM, Valli, C, El Dib, R, Marshall, C, Stover, PJ, Fairweather-Taitt, S, Wojcik, G, Bhatia, F, de Souza, R, Brotons, C, Meerpohl, JJ, Patel, CJ, Djulbegovic, B, Alonso-Coello, P, Bala, MM, Guyatt, GH

DESCRIPTION:

Dietary guideline recommendations require consideration of the certainty in the evidence, the magnitude of potential benefits and harms, and explicit consideration of people's values and preferences. A set of recommendations on red meat and processed meat consumption was...

Keywords/Tags:
meat red meat dietary guideline diet nutrition

Association between vitamin D supplementation and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author/s: Zhang, Y., Fang, F., Tang, J., Jia, L., Feng, Y., Xu, P., Faramand, A.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To investigate whether vitamin D supplementation is associated with lower mortality in adults.

DESIGN:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central...

Keywords/Tags:
cancer cancer mortality vitamin D Vitamin D3 supplimentation

Clinical Approach to Lactose Intolerance

Author/s: Micic, D, Rao, VL, Rubin, DT

Lactose intolerance refers to the clinical syndrome in which symptoms of bloating, flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea arise following the consumption of lactose-containing foods. Lactose malabsorption results from congenital lactase deficiency, secondary lactose intolerance, and,...

Keywords/Tags:
lactose intolerance lactase deficiency diagnostic tests

An Update on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Author/s: JN Learning

Educational Objective
To understand how to diagnose and treat venous thromboembolic disease.

 

Venous thromboembolic disease is common. There are many steps necessary to establish a diagnosis or treat this disease. These are summarized in this JAMA Clinical...

Keywords/Tags:
Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Glucocorticoids for croup in children

Author/s: Gates, A, Gates, M, Vandermeer, B, Johnson, C, Hartling, L, Johnson, DW, Klassen, TP

BACKGROUND:

Glucocorticoids are commonly used for croup in children. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 1999 and previously updated in 2004 and 2011.

OBJECTIVES:

To examine the effects of glucocorticoids for the treatment of croup in children aged 0 to 18...

Keywords/Tags:
croup children randomized control trial adolescent

Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid-Use Disorder

Author/s: Oesterle, TS, Thusius, NJ, Rummans, TA, Gold, MS

The United States is in the midst of a national opioid epidemic. Physicians are encouraged both to prevent and treat opioid-use disorders (OUDs). Although there are 3 Food and Drug Administration-approved medications to treat OUD (methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) and there is ample...

Keywords/Tags:
opioids opioid-use disorder methadone Buprenorphine naltrexone

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